The rigid formality and antiquated design of the habit or robe de cour (court dress) evoked the splendor of Louis XIV’s reign in the seventeenth century, when the style first flourished. Featuring a boned bodice, exaggerated panniers (hoop-like undergarments), and luxurious materials, this example worn by Marie Antoinette (identified by her royal crest on the chair) served as a symbol of status and power.
Designed by Pierre-Thomas Le Clerc (French, Paris 1740–1796), engraved by Charles Emmanuel (Jean Baptiste) Patas (French, Paris 1744–1802), Gallerie des modes et costumes français. 14e. Cahier des Costumes Français. 8e. Suite d'Habillemens à la mode. O.80, ca. 1778.
Text from: Ruffles & Ribbons: Fashion Plates from the Time of Marie Antoinette. © 2026 The Frick Collection.